Eight years experience of transanal endoscopic microsurgery

Introduction: Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) is a minimally invasive method for management of different proctologic conditions. Despite widespread use of this method, it is not used widely in Iran. This report is about to describe the application of TEM in managing different proctologic conditions in a tertiary colorectal referral center in Iran regarding methods and complications. Methods: All of the patients' documents such as procedure, method, early postop complications and further operations were actively reviewed and the data were entered in to the database. Results: Since 2012 till the end of 2020 chart review was done and 150 cases of TEM operation were found. The most frequent procedure that was done was resection procedure. Using different energy devices during surgery or suturing versus not suturing the defect were not associated with complication. There was a case of in hospital mortality and one case delayed perianal fistula following TEM. Measurement of lesion distance from anal verge was not significantly different using TEM or colonoscopy. Villous adenomas detected in colonoscopy were mostly associated with malignancy. In evaluated resected lesions most of cases had free base and distance from anal verge or using different energy devices were not associated with obtaining free base. Conclusion: TEM is a safe minimal invasive procedure with acceptable complications that could be helped in managing different proctologic conditions and the results of reviewing our patients revealed the same results that is reported from other colorectal centers. (AU)

A neglected cause of anaemia: hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) or Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by vascular dysplasiasleading to hemorrhages. If affects approximately 1 in10,000 Caucasian people. The most common presentation is chronic and recurrent epistaxis whereas bleeding from other sites can lead to life-threatening complications.

Serum long-noncoding RNA H19 and beta-catenin as biomarkers for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer in egyptian patients: a case control study

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death; however, its early detection can improve the survival. Colonic polyps are considered one of the CRC's major risk factors. Throughout many biological processes and malignancies, the non-coding RNAs have essential functions. Certain long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), including H19, were supposed to be CRC possible biomarkers. Also, H19 has been reported to play a role in regulating the activity of beta-catenin, a protein that regulates cell-to-cell adhesion, as well as gene transcription. The current work aimed to investigate the potential significance of LncRNA H19 relative serum expression level by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and beta-catenin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as noninvasive biomarkers to discriminate between colorectal cancer and colonic polyps. The statistical analysis of the studied factors revealed that the serum expression of H19 and beta-catenin in cancer cases were substantially greater than colonic polyp cases and normal control. Conclusion: The relative expressions of H19 and beta-catenin in the serum can significantly discriminate patients with CRC from those with polyp and normal controls, which could help when screening for CRC. (AU)

Ileoscopia: quando a avaliação ileal não é mandatória durante a colonoscopia / Ileoscopy: when ileal evaluation is not mandatory during colonoscopy

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Ileitis is defined as ileal inflammation, with several etiologies, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and can be evaluated during the colonoscopy exam, but its mandatory evaluation is discussed, because of few diagnosis and procedure time. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the correlation of colonoscopic ileitis with the clinical presentation, in order to identify the cases where ileal examination is mandatory. METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted between 2013 and 2017. The examination report, indications for colonoscopy, and medical records were evaluated in order to identify whether the colonoscopic findings were clinically significant. Patients over 18 years of age who had undergone ileoscopy were included, whereas patients below 18 years of age, those with previous intestinal resections, and repeated examinations of the same patient in the study period were excluded. The estimated association measure was the odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. P-values <0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS: A total of 3382 cases were included. Among these participants, 64.5% were females and the average age was 56.9±13.1 years (18-89 years). Ileal alterations were observed in 5.3% of the patients, with 2.69% being clinically significant between all patients, and 0.96% excluding those with IBD. There was a positive correlation between the ileitis findings and IBD control examinations and a negative correlation in screening and change in bowel habit indications. Among the indications with ileitis clinically significant, IBD control still had a positive correlation, 'diarrhea' and 'others' did not show a statistical significance, and all other indications presented a negative correlation for ileal assessment. CONCLUSION: Ileal evaluation in only mandatory in IBD control. When the main colonoscopy objective is detecting colonic neoplasms, ileoscopy is unnecessary.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: Ileíte é definida como inflamação ileal, com diversas etiologias, incluindo doença inflamatória intestinal (DII), e pode ser avaliada durante o exame de colonoscopia, mas sua avaliação obrigatória é discutida, devido aos poucos diagnósticos e tempo de procedimento. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a correlação da ileíte colonoscópica com a apresentação clínica, a fim de identificar os casos em que o exame ileal é obrigatório. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal retrospectivo entre 2013 e 2017. O laudo do exame, as indicações para colonoscopia e os prontuários médicos foram avaliados para identificar se os achados colonoscópicos eram clinicamente significativos. Pacientes maiores de 18 anos submetidos à ileoscopia foram incluídos, enquanto pacientes menores de 18 anos, aqueles com ressecções intestinais prévias e exames repetidos do mesmo paciente no período de estudo foram excluídos. A medida de associação estimada foi o odds ratio com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Valores de P <0,05 indicaram significância estatística. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 3382 casos. Desses, 64,5% eram mulheres e a média de idade foi de 56,9±13,1 anos (18-89 anos). Alterações ileais foram observadas em 5,3% dos pacientes, sendo 2,69% clinicamente significativos entre todos os pacientes e 0,96% excluindo aqueles com DII. Houve uma correlação positiva entre os achados de ileíte e exames de controle de DII e uma correlação negativa no rastreamento e alteração de hábito intestinal. Entre as indicações com ileíte clinicamente significativa, o controle de DII ainda teve uma correlação positiva, 'diarreia' e 'outros' não apresentaram significância estatística, e todas as outras indicações apresentaram correlação negativa para avaliação ileal. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação ileal é obrigatória apenas no controle de DII. Quando o objetivo principal da colonoscopia é detectar neoplasias colônicas, a ileoscopia é desnecessária.

Factores predictivos de displasia en adenomas de colon / Predictive factors of dysplasia in colon adenomas / Fatores de displasia preditiva em adenomas de cólon

RESUMEN Introducción: los pólipos colorrectales son elevaciones circunscritas de la mucosa, la mayoría son asintomáticos, que constituyen un factor de riesgo del cáncer colorrectal. Objetivo: identificar la relación existente entre variables como la edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, endoscópicas e histológicas y el riesgo de presentar displasia en la lesión resecada. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de cohorte en pacientes que se les practicó colonoscopia y tuvieron diagnóstico histológico de adenoma de colon, atendidos en el servicio de gastroenterología del hospital Provincial Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, desde el 1ro de septiembre de 2016 hasta el 31 de agosto de 2019. Resultados: se estudiaron 83 pacientes, la edad media fue de 60.9 años, el sexo masculino aportó el 61.4% de los casos, como promedio el índice de masa corporal fue de 25 Kg/m2, el tamaño promedio de las lesiones fue de 11.2mm, el adenoma tubular fue el más frecuente (88/119), las lesiones se localizaron con mayor frecuencia en el sigmoides (34/119) y la morfología polipoidea sésil aportó el 52.9%. En el análisis multivariado el tamaño mayor de 8mm, la localización distal, la morfología plana y el componente velloso incrementaron la probabilidad de displasia. Conclusiones: la aparición de displasia fue más frecuente entre la quinta y sexta décadas de la vida, así como en las lesiones mayores de ocho milímetros. Se comprueba el valor cimero del componente velloso del adenoma, el tamaño mayor de ocho milímetros, la localización distal y la morfología plana como los factores de mayor asociación con el riesgo de desarrollar la displasia en los adenomas colónicos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: colorectal polyps are circumscribed elevations of the mucosa, most of which are asymptomatic, which constitute a risk factor for colorectal cancer. Objective: to identify the relationship between variables such as age, sex, body mass index, endoscopic and histological and the risk of presenting dysplasia in the resected lesion. Methods: a cohort study was carried out in patients who underwent colonoscopy and had a histological diagnosis of colon adenoma, treated at the gastroenterology service of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Provincial Universitario Hospital, from September 1, 2016 to December 31, August 2019. Results: 83 patients were studied, the average age was 60.9 years, the male sex contributed 61.4% of the cases, on average the body mass index was 25 Kg/m2, the average size of the lesions It was 11.2mm, the tubular adenoma was the most frequent (88/119), the lesions were located more frequently in the sigmoid (34/119) and the sessile polypoid morphology contributed 52.9%. In the multivariate analysis, the size greater than 8mm, the distal location, the flat morphology and the hairy component increased the probability of dysplasia. Conclusions: the appearance of dysplasia was more frequent between the fifth and sixth decades of life, as well as in lesions larger than eight millimeters. The top value of the hairy component of the adenoma, the size greater than eight millimeters, the distal location and the flat morphology are verified as the factors of greatest association with the risk of developing dysplasia in colonic adenomas.

RESUMO Introdução: pólipos colorretais são elevações circunscritas da mucosa, a maioria é assintomática, que são um fator de risco para o câncer colorretal. Objetivo: identificar a relação entre variáveis como idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal, endoscópico e histológico e o risco de displasia na lesão seca. Métodos: foi realizado estudo de coorte em pacientes que fizeram colonoscopia e tiveram diagnóstico histológico de adenoma de cólon, atendido no serviço de gastroenterologia do Hospital Universitário Provincial Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, de 1º de setembro de 2016 a 31 de agosto de 2019. Resultados: foram estudados 83 pacientes, a idade média foi de 60,9 anos, o sexo masculino contribuiu com 61,4% dos casos, em média, o índice de massa corporal foi de 25 Kg/m2, o tamanho médio das lesões foi de 11,2mm, o adenoma tubular foi o mais comum (88/119), as lesões foram mais frequentemente localizadas no sigmoide (34/119) e a morfologia polipóíide sessile contribuiu com 52,9%. Na análise multivariada, o tamanho maior de 8mm, localização distal, morfologia plana e componente peludo aumentou a probabilidade de displasia. Conclusões: o início da displasia foi mais comum entre a quinta e a sexta décadas de vida, bem como em lesões superiores a oito milímetros. O valor cimero do componente peludo do adenoma, o tamanho maior de oito milímetros, a localização distal e a morfologia plana são verificados como os fatores mais associados ao risco de desenvolver displasia em adenomas colonicos.

Location and Size are Useful Features in Diagnosing Sessile Serrated Adenoma/Polyp

@#Introduction: According to the predefined 2010 World Health Organisation criteria, serrated colonic polyps (SCP) are pathologically classified into hyperplastic polyp (HP), sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P) with or without cytological dysplasia and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA). Sessile serrated adenoma/polyp is acknowledged as a precursor of colorectal carcinoma through the serrated neoplastic pathway. Hyperplastic polyps display similar histological features to SSA/P, in comparison to other types of SCP. It is noteworthy to discriminate between HP and SSA/P, since only the latter has a malignant potential. Method: A total of 198 cases of SCP were identified and the slides were reexamined and reclassified accordingly. Analysis on the proportion of SSA/P among SCP and underdiagnosed cases of SSA/P was performed. The association between SSA/P and non-SSA/P with demographic data and colonoscopic findings were also studied. Results: From the 198 cases of SCP, 164, 29 and five cases were reclassified as HP, SSA/P and TSA respectively. Sixteen cases of SSA/P were underdiagnosed as HP. From among 29 cases of SSA/P, the majority were ≥ 65 years old (17; 58.6%), male (21; 72.4 %) and Chinese (17; 58.6%). Most of the SSA/P (16; 55.2 %) were located in the right colon and measured ≥ 10mm (9; 31%) in size. Location (p=0.004) and size (p=0.013) of the colonoscopic findings were significantly associated with SSA/P. Conclusion: Underdiagnosed cases of SSA/P among HP were identified most likely because of the resemblance of their histological features. The location and size of SCP may suggest the probability of SSA/P.

Two Cases of Colon Polyp Bleeding With Massive Hematochezia in Elderly Patients

The annual incidence of hospital admissions for lower gastrointestinal bleeding in the United States and Europe is 0.02%. Massive hemorrhage from a solitary colon polyp is an extremely rare case. We report two consecutive patients with a single polyp, which was the source of bleeding. The first case is a 68-year-old male patient who visited Daejeon Sun Hospital with the chief complaint of considerable hematochezia. An 1.2 cm colon polyp with active bleeding was observed on the colonoscopy. The second case is a 74-year-old female patient with symptoms of hematochezia. A blood-clot attached, 3.0 cm sized Yamada type-IV colon polyp was examined on the colonoscopy. One case was a sessile polyp, and the other one was a thick-stalked pedunculated polyp. Both types of polyps were supplied with more vessels than other polyps, and both patients were taking aspirin. The two patients underwent snare polypectomy and were discharged without further bleeding evidence.

A Case of Postpolypectomy Coagulation Syndrome Had a Hemicolectomy / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Colonoscopy is commonly used as a screening tool for colorectal polyps and cancer. It also offers a chance to remove polyps via the polypectomy technique. Colonoscopic polypectomy is a relatively safe procedure, yet there is the possibility of serious complications such as perforation and bleeding. Postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome presents with pain, fever, an elevated white blood cell count and signs of peritoneal irritation, and usually within 12 hours of the procedure. No free air is seen on plain films or a CT scan, which is different from frank bowel perforation. The management of postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome includes fasting, antibiotics and intravenous hydration. We report here on a case of a 53-year-old woman who underwent right hemicolectomy because she presented with fever, signs of peritoneal irritation and shock after colonoscopic polypectomy. The final diagnosis was postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome as there was no perforation in the resected specimen.

A Matched Case-Control Study Using the Propensity Score on Differences in the Characteristics of Colorectal Polyps between Younger and Older Koreans: Proximal Shift in the Distribution of Colorectal Polyps among Older Koreans

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Several studies have found that the frequency of colorectal polyps increases significantly from the age of 50 years. The goal of this study was to determine the differences in the clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps between patients aged 50 years and older, and younger patients. METHODS: The colonoscopy database of 3,304 patients at the Yeungnam University Medical Center between January 2009 and December 2009 was reviewed retrospectively. In total, 679 patients were divided into the younger group (n=170) and the older group (aged > or =50 years) (n=509). A matched case-control study was performed using propensity scores and 117 patients selected from each group. RESULTS: Compared to the younger group, the older group had a significantly higher proportion of female patients, and patients with hypertension, a smoking history, and a history of taking medications. After performing the matched case-control study, 234 patients and 679 colon polyps were included in the analysis. Compared to the younger patients, the older patients had a significantly higher proportion of multiple lesions (57.3% vs 25.6%, p<0.001), left- and right-side distribution (35.9% vs 12.0%, p<0.001), and larger polyps (mean 9.1 mm vs 6.3 mm, p<0.001). A left-sided distribution was less common in the older group than in the younger group (35.0% vs 51.3%, p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS: The methods used to screen for colorectal cancer in older patients should include colonoscopy due to the shift to the right side as a common location for colorectal polyps in that age group.

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Colon Mimicking Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp with a Novel 63 bp c-kit Deletion Mutation: A Case Report

Colonic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare and behave aggressively compared to GISTs in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of GISTs and their distinction from other mesenchymal tumors is important for proper patient management and follow-up. Herein, we present an unusual case of a colonic GIST mimicking an inflammatory fibroid polyp with a novel 63 bp deletion mutation in exon 11 of the c-kit gene, which has not previously been reported. The tumor consisted of loosely arranged spindle cells and many inflammatory cells scattered throughout the tumor. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were focally and weakly positive for c-kit and diffusely positive for CD34, but were negative for PKC-theta, SMA, S-100 protein, ALK-1, and desmin. Our case re-emphasizes the broad morphologic spectrum of GISTs.

A Pilot Study as the Biochip Based Gene Expression Profiling in Patients with Hyperplastic Colonic Polyp

PURPOSE: A microarray-based gene expression analysis may offer a rapid and efficient means for assessing. However, the molecular genetic change in nonneoplastic colonic polyp is still poorly understood. To elucidate the molecular genetic basis, We now report the results of our initial microarray data to analyze the genom pattern in patients with hyperplastic polyps of colon. METHODS: 36 samples (18 pairs of colonic polyps and normal colonic mucosa were) harvested from colonoscopic biopsy. 3 of 18 colonic polyps were pathologically identified as the serrated type of hyperplastic polyp. We used the oligonucleotide microarray technique for analysis of the expression profiles of serrated polyps and normal mucosa. For the identification of differentially expressed genes, SAM (Significance Analysis of Microarray) package method was used. The result was analysed by using global normalization, intensity dependent normalization and block-wise normalization. RESULTS: Polypectomy specimens microscopically showed the pathologically characteristic serration with a saw-teeth like luminal border (branching of the crypts). 8 genes including RHEB (Ras homolog enriched in brain), WASF2 (WAS protein family, member 2), TYRP1 (Tyrosinase-related protein 1), VSX1 (Visual system homeobox 1 homolog), ROS1 (V-ros UR2 sarcoma virus oncogene homolog 1), WEE1 (WEE1 homolog), TEC (Tec protein tyrosine kinase), TNFRSF10A (Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10a) in serrated polyp were up-regulated by more than 10 times as compared with normal colonic mucosa. On the other hand, 6 genes including SIAT7D (Sialyltransferase 7D), DRD1 (Dopamine receptor D1), SIAT1 (Sialyltransferase 1), ITSN1 (Intersectin 1), TNFSF12 (Tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 12), CHES1 (Checkpoint suppressor 1) were down-regulated by less than a tenth of the expression as compared with normal colonic mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: Serrated polyps as a subset of hyperplastic colonic polyps were analyzed with the oligonucleotide microarray technique. We authors could identify 14 genes (8 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated genes) that showed the significant change of expression as compared with normal colonic mucosa. Specifically, we believe that current study will serve as a fundamental base to offer a bioinformative characteristics of the serrated colonic polyp in future clinical applications.

A Case of Pedunculated Leiomyoma Found during Colonoscopic Examination for Anal Bleeding / 대한소화기학회지

Gastrointestinal leiomyomas are commonly found in the stomach, and but 3% of them arises from the colon. Colonic leiomyomas are often found incidentally during colonoscopic examination. Most of patients with colonic leiomyoma are asymptomatic, but patients with large size leiomyoma occasionally have abdominal mass, hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction or perforation. Pedunculated leiomyomatous polyp is rare. Leiomyomatous polyps are occasionally misjudged as adenomatous polyps by endoscopist. We report a case of pedunculated leiomyomatous colonic polyp in 65 year-old female patient. She has complained of intermittent hematochezia and lower abdominal discomfort for 5 months. During colonoscopy, an 1 cm sized long pedunculated polyp at the splenic flexure was detected. It was removed by colonoscopic snare polypectomy. Leiomyomatous polyp was confirmed by microscopic and immunohistochemical findings.

Colorectal Polyps : Endoscopic Diagnosis and Polypectomy

Acolonic polyp is a circumscribed mass of tissue that projects above the surface of the intestinal mucosa, which may be classified as either pedunculated or sessile, depending on whether or not it contains a discrete stalk, and according to the size and type. It has been believed that colorectal cancer evolves from a precursor lesion, the adenomatous polyp. The introduction of colonoscopy in the early 1970s, followed by the demonstration of the feasibility of colonoscopic polypectomy, provided the technology for the application of this concept to clinical practice. Colorectal cancer can be prevented through examination of the entire colon and identification of a polyp to be resected. According to the National Polyp Study in the USA, the incidence of colorectal cancer is reduced by 76~90% following colonoscopic polypectomy. Colonoscopy and polypectomy, when performed by adequately trained physicians, is a safe and effective procedure that can decrease deaths resulting from colorectal cancer.

A Case of Colonic Muco-Submucosal Elongated Polyp / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp (CMSEP) is a rare disease which has been firstly reported by Matake. Only 21 cases have been reported since 1994. Although the mechanism of generation of such polyps remains unknown, their elongation may be caused by intestinal motion for a long period. The occurrence sites were distributed throughout the colon, excluding the rectum. CMSEP is coverd with normal mucosa and consisted of edematous, loose, fibrous, connective tissue and dense, fibrous submucosal layer, often dilatation of blood vessels and lymphatics. We present a case of CMSEP diagnosed by a colonoscopic polypectomy.

Significance of rectosigmoid polyp as a predictor of proximal colonic polyp

The association between rectosigmoid polyps and polyps in the more proximal colon is still a matter of debate, and the need for colonoscopy in patients with rectosigmoid polyps that are detected by flexible sigmoidoscopy is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not certain characteristics of rectosigmoid polyps are associated with the presence and characteristics of proximal colonic polyps. Seven hundred and twenty-eight patients who underwent total colonoscopy between October 1995 and June 1998 and who had colorectal polyps were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, familial adenomatous polyposis, or any advanced cancer were excluded. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of prevalence of proximal colonic polyps according to the patients age and sex, as well as the characteristics of rectosigmoid polyps, were calculated. Advanced adenoma was defined as an adenoma larger than 10 mm or an adenoma of any size with villous component, high-grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma. Among 728 patients with colorectal polyps, 356 patients (48.9%) had polyps only in the rectosigmoid region, 193 patients (26.5%) had polyps only in the proximal colon, and 179 patients (24.6%) had polyps in both the rectosigmoid and proximal colon. In 535 patients with rectosigmoid polyps, the prevalence of proximal colonic polyps, neoplastic polyps and advanced adenomas were 33.4%, 27.3% and 2.9%, respectively. The prevalence of proximal colonic polyps in patients with rectosigmoid polyps was found to be significantly related to the male gender and elderly patients, in addition to the neoplastic histology of the rectosigmoid polyps. However, the prevalence of the proximal colonic polyps was not related to the size, number and shape of rectosigmoid polyps. In 179 patients with both rectosigmoid and proximal colonic polyps, the characteristics of proximal colonic polyps such as size, number and shape were similar to those of rectosigmoid polyps. We recommend total colonoscopic examination in all patients with rectosigmoid adenomas, regardless of the size, number, and shape, especially in elderly males.

Colon Cancer and Polyposis Associated with Colonic Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract but 80~90% of patients present the disease in the ileocecal region. The cases of colon cancer coexisting with colonic tuberculosis are relatively rare and ascending colon is the predominant site of the combined disease. A 46-year-old man, without specific past medical or family history, showed multiple colonic polyps and ulcers on colonoscopic examination. After surgery, the surgical specimen disclosed adenocarcinoma in the ascending colon, eleven adenomatous polyps throughout the colon, and multiple tuberculous ulcers in the entire colon. Tuberculosis of terminal ileum was also accompanied. The association of colonic tuberculosis and colon cancer with multiple polyps in this case may have been coincidental. The preoperative colonoscopic examination and pathologic diagnosis by frozen section during operation are necessary for the adequate treatment.

Clinical and histological features of colon polyps

A study on 97 patients with polyps diagnosed by endoscopy in central army hospital during 2000-2002 has shown that male/female (69/28), average ages (50), patients with one polyp, 2 polyps, 3 polyps, 4 polyps, 7 polyps and 8 polyps were 78, 15, 1, 1,1 and (1) respectively. The symptoms comprised abdominal pain (56%), dyspepsia (50%) blood and mucosa in feces (13%). Polyps concentrated in peripheral colon (43.80%). The rate of patients diagnosed early accounted for 4.2%

The Comparison of Pathologic Findings of Colonic Polyps between Forceps Biopsy and Polypectomy / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Colonic palyps are one of the most risky factors for colon cancer. The pathology of the specimen obtained by forceps biopsy does not represent the whole specimen of the polyp obtained by polypectomy or surgery in some cases. To evaluate these pathologic differences. we analysed the 39 patients with colonic polyps who underwent forceps biopsy and polypectomy. (continue...)